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- BOOKS, Page 85Getting to the False BottomBy R.Z. Sheppard
-
-
- CITIZEN WELLES
- by Frank Brady
- Scribner's; 655 pages; $24.95
-
- The late Orson Welles was, in the nostalgic phrase, a star of
- stage, screen and radio. He was also one of those grand,
- self-inflating talents whose failures received almost as much
- attention as his successes. His long, attenuated career covered the
- spectrum, from classics to commercials. Old-timers still remember
- his controversial rejiggerings of Shakespeare and his War of the
- Worlds radio drama, which had many listeners believing New Jersey
- had been invaded by Martians. And, of course, every generation has
- embraced Citizen Kane, his brilliant 1941 film based on the life
- and times of press lord William Randolph Hearst.
-
- But Welles was not made for that more contemporary medium, TV.
- His Falstaffian girth, so impressive on stage and screen, seemed
- grotesque when stuffed into the small tube. The voice that shivered
- the old Philco during the Depression sounded hokey when it was used
- to seduce would-be sophisticates of the '70s. "Paul Masson will
- sell no wine before its time" joined the fleeting body of marketing
- folklore and spun off into dozens of jokes. (In one, the Welles
- impersonator intones the line, glances at his watch and says
- impatiently, "It's time.")
-
- In taking his subject from precocious childhood through
- audacious beginnings as an actor-director and finally to the status
- of cult figure to be wheeled in on special occasions, biographer
- Frank Brady reveals Welles as a thin man in which there was always
- a fat man trying to get out. Even as a tall, trim youth, Welles had
- gargantuan intellectual and physical appetites. It was not enough
- that he had prematurely grasped the concept that art was
- essentially an illusion, a magic show. He insisted on making his
- tricks as obvious as possible.
-
- Welles was also a conspicuous womanizer and gourmand. He was,
- writes Brady, "a man who would think nothing of starting off a meal
- with a bottle of Moet et Chandon just for himself, followed by a
- Boudin Noir aux Pommes (blood sausage with apples), then a bottle
- of Beaujolais Nouveau to help wash down a Terrine de Canard and a
- huge porterhouse steak, and finally a Mousse a l'Armagnac, followed
- by four or five glasses of Calvados, and several cups of very black
- coffee."
-
- Brady encircles his outsize subject with equal parts of
- anecdote and scholarship. He does not attempt the intimate tone of
- Barbara Leaming's authorized 1983 biography or try for the
- high-skid finish of Charles Higham's Orson Welles: The Rise and
- Fall of an American Genius (1985). Citizen Welles covers more
- ground and digs deeper, revealing an artistic nomad whose life had
- too many ups, downs and lateral movements to be treated as a sales
- chart. The author is a great admirer, crediting Welles as an
- originator of the film noir genre and a technical pioneer whose
- influence can be detected in dozens of films. He even notes that
- the Mexican novelist Carlos Fuentes has acknowledged that the
- structure of his book The Death of Artemio Cruz was lifted from
- Citizen Kane. But Brady is prudent about using the word genius, an
- encomium more freely handed out at Academy Award gatherings than
- at Nobel Prize ceremonies.
-
- The biographer, who teaches film courses at St. John's
- University in New York City, also provides valuable evidence that
- blunts film critic Pauline Kael's assertion that Herman J.
- Mankiewicz, not Welles, was mainly responsible for the final script
- for Citizen Kane. Mank, as he was known, does get credit for the
- basic plot and the "Rosebud" sled gimmick, but most of the words
- belong to Welles, who, after all, had to speak them as the film's
- protagonist, Charles Foster Kane. Among the footnotes to this
- classic is Steven Spielberg's purchase at auction of one of three
- sleds used in the project. The young producer-director paid $55,000
- for the icon, only to have Welles later declare it a fake.
-
- Fabrication, contrivance and artifice were subjects he knew
- something about. "I discovered at the age of six," Welles once told
- an interviewer, "that almost everything in this world was phony,
- worked with mirrors." His 1973 movie F for Fake is about the
- ambiguity of artistic charlatanism and, says Brady, stands as
- Welles' most personal film.
-
- Unlike previous biographies, Citizen Welles gets to the bottom
- -- or should one say, false bottom -- of the man. At one level the
- book projects an old-world Promethean hero thundering against
- authority and convention. But conveyed with equal weight is an
- impresario of the self in the American maverick tradition of
- Charles Ives, Ezra Pound and even Mark Twain's the King and the
- Duke.